1. What was the primary focus of Raja Ram Mohan Roy and Brahmo Samaj (1828)?
a) Promotion of polytheism
b) Advocacy of monotheism, rationality, and social reforms
c) Support for the caste system
d) Opposition to women's education
Answer: b) Advocacy of monotheism, rationality, and social reforms
2. Who was Ishwar Chandra Vidyasagar (1820–1891) and what was his significant contribution?
a) Military leader
b) Social reformer and educationist
c) Advocate of caste discrimination
d) Opponent of widow remarriage
Answer: b) Social reformer and educationist. He worked for women's education and remarriage of widows, leading to the Widow Remarriage Act of 1856.
3. Who founded Arya Samaj in 1875, and what were its main objectives?
a) Ishwar Chandra Vidyasagar, promotion of women's education
b) Raja Ram Mohan Roy, abolition of caste system
c) Swami Dayananda Saraswati, promotion of Vedic knowledge, social equality, and abolition of caste system
d) Sir Syed Ahmed Khan, modern education for Muslims
Answer: c) Swami Dayananda Saraswati, promotion of Vedic knowledge, social equality, and abolition of caste system
4. What was the key focus of the Aligarh Movement (1875) initiated by Sir Syed Ahmed Khan?
a) Preservation of traditional education
b) Advocacy of polytheism
c) Promotion of modern education and scientific thinking among Muslims
d) Support for the caste system
Answer: c) Promotion of modern education and scientific thinking among Muslims. Sir Syed Ahmed Khan founded Aligarh Muslim University for this purpose.
5. Which social reformer and educationist played a crucial role in the Widow Remarriage Act of 1856?
a) Swami Dayananda Saraswati
b) Raja Ram Mohan Roy
c) Sir Syed Ahmed Khan
d) Ishwar Chandra Vidyasagar
Answer: d) Ishwar Chandra Vidyasagar
6. The abolition of Sati and promotion of women's education were the main goals of which reform movement?
a) Arya Samaj
b) Aligarh Movement
c) Brahmo Samaj
d) None of the above
Answer: c) Brahmo Samaj
7. Who advocated for social equality and the promotion of Vedic knowledge through the founding of Arya Samaj in 1875?
a) Ishwar Chandra Vidyasagar
b) Swami Dayananda Saraswati
c) Raja Ram Mohan Roy
d) Sir Syed Ahmed Khan
Answer: b) Swami Dayananda Saraswati
8. What was the year of the founding of Brahmo Samaj by Raja Ram Mohan Roy?
a) 1856
b) 1828
c) 1875
d) 1820
Answer: b) 1828
9. Which movement aimed to promote modern education and scientific thinking among Muslims in the 19th century?
a) Arya Samaj
b) Aligarh Movement
c) Brahmo Samaj
d) Widow Remarriage Movement
Answer: b) Aligarh Movement
10. What were the primary objectives of the Aligarh Movement initiated by Sir Syed Ahmed Khan?
a) Preservation of traditional education and promotion of polytheism
b) Promotion of modern education and scientific thinking among Muslims
c) Abolition of the caste system and support for Sati
d) Advocacy of monotheism and opposition to widow remarriage
Answer: b) Promotion of modern education and scientific thinking among Muslims. Sir Syed Ahmed Khan founded Aligarh Muslim University for this purpose.
11. Who founded Theosophical Society in 1875 and what was its primary focus?
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A. Swami Vivekananda; Cultural preservation
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B. Helena Blavatsky and Henry Olcott; Spiritualism and religious tolerance
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C. Akbar; Syncretic religion
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D. Raja Ram Mohan Roy; Social reform
Answer: B. Helena Blavatsky and Henry Olcott; Spiritualism and religious tolerance
12. What was the primary objective of Din-i Ilahi, founded by Emperor Akbar in 1596?
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A. Promoting orthodox Islamic practices
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B. Fostering religious tolerance and unity
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C. Establishing a new political system
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D. Encouraging trade and commerce
Answer: B. Fostering religious tolerance and unity
13. Akhil Bharatiya Hindu Mahasabha (1915) is primarily known for:
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A. Advocating for religious syncretism
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B. Promoting Buddhist teachings
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C. Protecting Hindu interests and cultural heritage
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D. Encouraging atheism
Answer: C. Protecting Hindu interests and cultural heritage
14. Who founded Rama Krishna Mission in 1897, and what were its main areas of focus?
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A. Mahatma Gandhi; Political independence
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B. Swami Vivekananda; Synthesis of religions and social service
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C. Jawaharlal Nehru; Educational reform
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D. Subhas Chandra Bose; Military advancement
Answer: B. Swami Vivekananda; Synthesis of religions and social service
15. Who led the Satyagraha and Non-Cooperation Movement (1919–1922) and what was its primary philosophy?
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A. Jawaharlal Nehru; Armed resistance and aggression
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B. Subhas Chandra Bose; Militant uprising
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C. Mahatma Gandhi; Non-violent resistance and non-cooperation
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D. Sardar Patel; Diplomatic negotiations
Answer: C. Mahatma Gandhi; Non-violent resistance and non-cooperation
16. What was the objective of the Civil Disobedience Movement (1930–1934) led by Mahatma Gandhi?
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A. Demanding separate states for different communities
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B. Encouraging armed rebellion against British authorities
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C. Peacefully protesting against British laws, taxes, and policies
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D. Advocating complete withdrawal from political activities
Answer: C. Peacefully protesting against British laws, taxes, and policies
17. Who led the Quit India Movement (1942) and what was its primary demand?
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A. Jawaharlal Nehru; Autonomy for princely states
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B. Bhagat Singh; Complete cessation of all economic activities
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C. Mahatma Gandhi; Immediate independence and an end to British rule
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D. Sardar Patel; Greater representation in British Parliament
Answer: C. Mahatma Gandhi; Immediate independence and an end to British rule